Hypoglycemia refers to low blood sugar (glucose) levels. When sugar levels fall too low, a person may be at risk of severe complications, such as losing consciousness or having a seizure. It is important to treat hypoglycemia as soon as possible, as it can quickly become dangerous. Severely low blood glucose is an emergency, and individuals may require help from others to treat it.
As such, it may be advisable for a person with diabetes or a loved one to have a first aid kit for treating hypoglycemia. For example, a first aid kit can contain:
- a blood glucose meter, including extra test strips and lancets
- fast-acting carbohydrates, such as glucose tablets, gummy candies, or regular soda
- a glucagon kit
- a list of emergency contact numbers
- a list of current prescriptions
- a form of medical identification, such as a necklace, bracelet, or identity card
If a person notices their blood sugar levels are low, it is advisable to follow the rule of 15. This refers to a
If a person experiences severe hypoglycemia, they may be unable to eat or drink. In such cases, they may need to use an emergency glucagon kit. This involves administering medication that can help quickly raise a person’s blood sugar levels.
Glucagon is typically available in three formulations:
- premixed or ready-to-use injections
- ready-to-use nasal powder
- a kit that requires mixing a powder and liquid before administration
After administering glucagon, a person needs to roll the affected individual onto their side. This is because glucagon can cause people to vomit, so turning them onto their side will prevent them from choking. It is then advisable to call for emergency help.
After 15 minutes, individuals need to check the person’s blood sugar levels. An unconscious person will usually wake up within 15 minutes. If they do not wake up, administer a second emergency treatment if available and wait for the emergency services to arrive.
